Foreword
Foreword
Preface
Introduction
Part One FUNDAMENTALS OF LASERS AND BEAM POLARIZATIONS
1 Rigorous Introduction to Lasers and Beam Polarizations
1.1 The Basic Amplifier1Cavity Configuration
1.2 Optical Waves of a Laser
1.3 Cavity Closed-Loop and Laser Threshold
1.3. 1 The System Acts as a Closed-Loop Amplifier
1.3.2 The Closed-Loop System Acts as a Steady State Oscillator
1.4 Survey of Techniques for Generating and Converting Laser Polarization States
1.4.1 Survey of Light Polarization States
1.4.2 Polarization Conversion by Anisotropic Components
1.4.3 Laser Polarization States at a Glance
1.4.4 Anisotropic Elements Modulated by Electric1Magnetic Fields or Tactile Forces
1.4.5 Outlook
References
2 Basic Physical Effects Inside Lasers
2.1 Interaction between Light and Particles
2.1.1Spontaneous Emission
2.1.2Stimulated Transitions
2.1.3 Relationships among Einstein Coefficients
2.1.4 Intensities by Spontaneous Emission and Induced Emission
2.1.5 Boltzmann Distribution 1aw
2.1.6 Population Inversion and Light Amplification
2.2 Line Shape Function and the Line Broadening Mechanism
2.2.1 Line Form Function and Luminescence Line Bandwidth
2.2.2 Probability of Spontaneous and Induced Transitions
2.2.3 Mechanisms of Line Broadening
2.3 Gain Coefficient of Light in an Active Medium
2.3.1 Amplification Factor Gain, and Gain Coefficient
2.3.2 Some Remarks on the Gain Coefficient
2.4 Saturation of Gain in the Laser Active Medium
2.4.1 Saturation in a Homogeneously Broadened Medium
2.4.2 Saturation in an Inhomogeneously Broadened Medium
2.4.3 Saturation in an Integrative Broadened Medium
2.5 Threshold Condition, Gain for Stationary Operation, and Lasing Bandwidth
2.5.1 Losses of a Laser and the Threshold Condition
2.5.2 Stationary Gain of a Laser in Continuous Operation
2.6 Optical Cavities and Laser Modes
2.6.1 Optical Cavity and Its Stability Condition
2.6.2 Longitudinal Modes of a Laser
2.6.3 Laser Frequency Shift
2.6.4 La.ser Transverse Modes
2.6.5 Self Consistent Condition of Laser Oscillation
2.7 Laser Mode Competition
2.7.1 Mode Competition in a Laser with a Homogeneously Broadened Medium
2.7.2 Mode Competition in an Integratively Broadened Medium
2.8 Mode Push1Pull and Locking Effects
2.8.1 Frequency Pulling and Pushing Effects
2.8.2 Mode Locking
2.9 Power Tuning Properties of Lasers
2.9.1 Experimental Study of the Power Tuning Properties in Single-Mode Lasers
2.9.2 Power Tuning Curve of a Laser with a Homogeneously Broadened Medium
2.9.3 Tuning Properties of a La.ser with an Integratively Broadened Medium
References
3 Specific Laser Technologies Applicable for Orthogonally
Polarized Beam Generation
3.1 Background
3.2 He-Ne lasers
3.2.1 He-Ne Laser Configurations
3.2.2 Gas Discharge Excitation Mechanism (0.6328 μm)
3.2.3 Light Generation Process
3.2.4 Factors Injluencing Output Power of Laser Radiation
3.2.5 Polarization and Radiation Properties of He-Ne Lasers
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Part Two GENERATION OF ORTHOGONAL LASER POLARIZATIONS
Part Three NONLINEAR BEHAVIOR OF ORTHOGONALLY POLARIZED LASERS
Part Four APPLICATIONS OF ORTHOGONALLY POLARIZED LASERS