SCULPTURE
雕塑篇
Chapter 1?The First Sculpture／第1章?第一尊雕像 2
Chapter 2?Giants and Pygmies／第2章?巨人和侏儒 7
Chapter 3?Cherubs and Kings／第3章?基路伯与国王 12
Chapter 4?Marbles／第4章?大理石雕塑 17
Chapter 5?Standing Naturally／第5章?自然站立 22
Chapter 6?The Greatest Greek Sculptor／第6章?古希腊最伟大的雕塑家 26
Chapter 7?After Phidias／第7章?菲狄亚斯之后 31
Chapter 8?Plaster Casts／第8章?石膏雕塑 36
Chapter 9?Tiny Treasures／第9章?小小珍品 40
Chapter 10?Baked-Earth Sculpture／第10章?陶土雕塑 44
Chapter 11?Busts and Reliefs／第11章?半身像和浮雕 48
Chapter 12?Stories in Stone／第12章?石雕中的故事 52
Chapter 13?The Gates of Paradise／第13章?天堂之门 56
Chapter 14?A Treasure Hunter and a Secret／第14章?寻宝者和秘密 60
Chapter 15?Among the Best／第15章?名列前茅 66
Chapter 16?Four in One／第16章?四项才能，集于一身 70
Chapter 17?Cellini Makes His Perseus／第17章?切利尼创作珀耳修斯 75
Chapter 18?A. M. After Michelangelo／第18章?米开朗琪罗之后 79
Chapter 19?An Italian and a Dane／第19章?一个意大利人和一个丹麦人 82
Chapter 20?On a Stamp／第20章?邮票上的雕塑 85
Chapter 21?A Lion, a Saint, and an Emperor／第21章?狮子、圣徒和皇帝 89
Chapter 22?A Handsome Present／第22章?气派的礼物 93
Chapter 23?Thoughts for Thinkers／第23章?思想家的思想 96
Chapter 24?American Sculpture／第24章?美国的雕塑 99
Chapter 25?Among Americas Best／第25章?美国最杰出的雕塑家 102
Chapter 26?Daniel Chester French／第26章?丹尼尔?切斯特?法兰奇 106
Chapter 27?Womens Work／第27章?女性的作品 109
Chapter 28?Twentieth-Century Sculpture／第28章?二十世纪的雕塑艺术 113
Painting
绘画篇
Chapter 1?The Oldest Pictures in the World／第1章?世界上最古老的绘画 118
Chapter 2?Whats Wrong With This Picture?／第2章?这幅画有什么问题呢？ 123
Chapter 3?Palace Picture Puzzles／第3章?王宫里的拼图 128
Chapter 4?April Fool Pictures／第4章?错视画作 133
Chapter 5?Jars and Jugs／第5章?坛坛罐罐 138
Chapter 6?Pictures of Christ and Christians／第6章?关于基督和基督徒的绘画 141
Chapter 7?The Shepherd-Boy Painter／第7章?牧童画家 146
Chapter 8?The Angel-Like Brother／第8章?天使般的兄弟 151
Chapter 9?Born-Again Painters／第9章?复活的画家 155
Chapter 10?Sins and Sermons／第10章?罪孽与布道 159
Chapter 11?A Great Teacher and a Great Student／
第11章?了不起的老师和了不起的学生 164
Chapter 12?The Sculptor Who Painted Pictures／第12章?会绘画的雕塑家 168
Chapter 13?Leonardo da Vinci／第13章?列奥纳多?达?芬奇 174
Chapter 14?Six Venetians／第14章?六个威尼斯人 180
Chapter 15?A Tailors Son and a Master of Light／
第15章?裁缝的儿子和光影大师 185
Chapter 16?Flemings／第16章?佛兰芒人 190
Chapter 17?Two Dutchmen／第17章?两个荷兰人 196
Chapter 18? and Jr.／第18章?和小 201
Chapter 19?Forgotten and Discovered／第19章?遗忘与发现 206
Chapter 20?Speaking of Spaniards／第20章?西班牙值得一提的画家 209
Chapter 21?Landscapes and Shop Signs／第21章?山水画与商店招牌 215
Chapter 22?Stirring Times／第22章?动荡的时代 219
Chapter 23?A Late Start／第23章?迟来的发端 225
Chapter 24?Three Englishmen Who Were Different／
第24章?风格迥异的三位英国画家 231
Chapter 25?Some Very Poor Painters／第25章?穷困潦倒的画家 236
Chapter 26?The Most Important Person／第26章?最重要的人物 241
Chapter 27?Postimpressionism／第27章?后期印象派 246
Chapter 28?Early Americans／第28章?早期的美国画家 251
Chapter 29?More Americans／第29章?更多的美国画家 256
Chapter 30?Two European Americans／第30章?两位欧裔美国画家 261
Chapter 31?Real-People Artists／第31章?平民画家 265
Chapter 32?Nons and Surs／第32章?非写实主义和超现实主义 270
Chapter 33?More Modern Painters／第33章?更多的现代画家 275
Architecture
建筑篇
Chapter 1?The Oldest House／第1章?历史最悠久的房子 282
Chapter 2?Houses for Gods／第2章?神灵的房屋 292
Chapter 3?Mud Pie Palaces and Temples／第3章?用泥巴建造的宫殿与神庙 298
Chapter 4?The Perfect Building／第4章?完美的建筑 305
Chapter 5?Womans Style Building／第5章?阴柔风格的建筑 312
Chapter 6?New Styles in Building／第6章?建筑上的新风格 315
Chapter 7?Rome Was Not Built in a Day／第7章?罗马不是一天建成的 321
Chapter 8?Trimmings／第8章?装饰 329
Chapter 9?Early Christian／第9章?早期的基督徒 335
Chapter 10?Eastern Early Christians／第10章?早期的东方基督徒 339
Chapter 11?Lights in the Dark／第11章?黑暗中的明灯 349
Chapter 12?Round Arches／第12章?圆拱 353
Chapter 13?Castles／第13章?城堡 359
Chapter 14?Pointing Toward Heaven／第14章?直指天堂 363
Chapter 15?In Praise of Mary／第15章?颂扬马利亚 368
Chapter 16?Country Cathedrals／第16章?乡间教堂 375
Chapter 17?Here and There／第17章?欧洲各地的建筑 379
Chapter 18?Open Sesame／第18章?芝麻开门 386
Chapter 19?Dome Trouble／第19章?穹顶的麻烦 392
Chapter 20?Backward and Forward／第20章?回顾与前行 397
Chapter 21?The Homes of England／第21章?英国的住宅 404
Chapter 22?Trademarks／第22章?商标 410
Chapter 23?Breaking Rules／第23章?打破规则 420
Chapter 24?The English Renaissance／第24章?英国的文艺复兴 425
Chapter 25?From Huts to Houses／第25章?从茅屋到住宅 430
Chapter 26?AL and OL／第26章?首都和国会大厦 439
Chapter 27?Rainbows and Grapevines／第27章?彩虹和葡萄藤 443
Chapter 28?The Scrapers of the Sky／第28章?摩天大楼 452
Chapter 29?New Ideas／第29章?新的思想 459
內容試閱：
When I was in kindergarten, I used to make a birds nest with round eggs and a bird sitting on top out of clay. Perhaps you have made something similar. That was sculpture, but I didnt know it.
When I was older, in the winter I used to make a snowman with a scarf around his neck, two pieces of coal for eyes, and a carrot for a nose. That was sculpture too, although I didnt know it.
When I was still older, I used to take the soft part of a piece of doughy bread and shape it into a dog with a head, a tail, and feet. That was sculpture, although I didnt know it. My mother didnt know it either, so she sent me to my room for playing with my food.
So I was a sculptor until I was twelve years old and I have never been a sculptor since.
But other boys and girls did not stop being sculptors when they became young men and women. Once upon a time a boy in a kitchen carved a lion out of a piece of butter and sent it to the table. He became a great sculptor when he grew up. His name was Canova1. Ill tell you about him later.
People have made sculpture ever since the world was young. But at first the sculpture that people made was not very different from drawing. The artist first drew his picture on something flat. Then he carved the lines deeper so that, if it were outside, the rain would not wash the drawing away and the weather would not wear it down. This kind of drawing or sculpture is called .
These sunken-relief drawings have been found in different places around the world, like Peru where pilots flew over them and were quite surprised when they looked down at the ground and saw a whole collection.
Then after that, sculptors rounded the edges of the figures they had carved and cut away some of the background so that the figures stood out a little. This is called , or.
You may have a bas-relief in your pocket right now and not even know it. A penny, nickel, dime, or another coin, medal, or medallion that has figures on it is a bas-relief.
Then sculptors began to round the figure still more and cut away still more of the background so that the figure stood out more. This is called , for the figures are halfway out of the background.
Later sculptors cut away the background entirely so that the figure stood out all by itself. This is called because you can go around it. You will see such pieces of sculpture of men or animals in parks, public squares, and museums.
Long before the time of Christ, ancient Egyptian artists carved pictures in sunken relief on the walls of their great buildings, such as the Great Temple Gates of the Temple of Philae.
In these sunken reliefs, some figures are sitting and some are standing. All of them may look peculiar to you. Do you know why? They have two things quite unusual about them two things quite impossible and several things very peculiar.
Here is the first thing： The feet are stepping directly sideways and the faces are all turned sideways too, but the shoulders appear as they are viewed from the front. Now of course, no one really walks that way, with head and feet sideways and shoulders in front view. So the first unusual thing is that the figure is twisted.
The second thing is the eye. What you see is the side of a face not the front. Yet the eye appears as you would see it from the front, not from the side. All the Egyptian reliefs had the same peculiarly shaped eye and the same twisted bodies. Shoulders and eye are front view while everything else hips, legs, and feet are side view.
Can you guess why the Egyptians put the front and side view of a person together? Some say it was a way to show all the important parts of the body doing what they do best legs walking, eyes looking, and shoulders and chest facing forward.
But there are other strange things to notice about these figures. The man and woman have very little clothing on and, although they are king and queen, they are barefooted. Thats because Egypt is a very warm country. In some warm countries even today neither rich nor poor wear shoes and socks. I once went to a dinner party in one of these warm countries and all of the ladies and gentlemen were barefooted. It seemed very peculiar to see the ladies and gentlemen, all gorgeously dressed and wearing many rich jewels, go to the table barefooted!
But to make up for having little ornamentation on their bodies, these Egyptian figures have a lot on their heads not hats but crowns. These crowns mean something. The womans crown she is a queen looks like a bird cap. The bird is the vulture that feeds only on dead bodies. Above the vulture cap is a moon between two horns. The mans double crown he is a king is called a . These figures are all sunken relief.
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