Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Overview of wind forecasting in train wind engineering/1
1.2 Typical scenarios of railway wind engineering/2
1.3 Key technical problems in wind signal processing/6
1.4 Wind forecasting technologies in railway wind engineering/17
1.5 Scope of this book/27
References/28
Chapter 2 Analysis of Flow Field Characteristics Along Railways
2.1 Introduction/37
2.2 Analysis of spatial characteristics of railway flow field/39
2.3 Analysis of seasonal characteristics of railway flow field/49
2.4 Summary and outlook/55
References/56
Chapter 3 Description of Singl-Point Wind Time Series Along Railways
3.1 Introduction/58
3.2 Wind anemometer layout optimization methods along railways/59
3.3 Single-point wind speedwind direction seasonal analysis/69
3.4 Single-point wind speedwind direction heteroscedasticity analysis/77
3.5 Various singlepoint wind time series description algorithms/83
3.6 Description accuracy evaluation indicators/105
3.7 Summary and outlook/111
References/112
Chapter 4 Single-point Wind Forecasting Methods Based on Deep Learning
4.1 Introduction/118
4.2 Wind data description/119
4.3 Singlepoint wind speed forecasting algorithm based on LSTM/121
4.4 Singlepoint wind speed forecasting algorithm based on GRU/130
4.5 Singlepoint wind speed direction algorithm based on Seriesnet/140
4.6 Summary and outlook/149
References/150
Chapter 5 Single-point Wind Forecasting Methods Based on Reinforcement Learning
5.1 Introduction/152
5.2 Wind data description/154
5.3 Single-point wind speed forecasting algorithm based on Q-learning/155
5.4 Single-point wind speed forecasting algorithm based on deep reinforcement learning 164
5.5 Summary and outlook/180
References/182
Chapter 6 Single-Point Wind Forecasting Methods Based on Ensemble Modeling
6.1 Introduction/184
6.2 Wind data description/185
6.3 Single-point wind speed forecasting algorithm based on multi objective ensemble/ 186
6.4 Single-point wind speed forecasting algorithm based on stacking/198
6.5 Single-point wind direction forecasting algorithm based on boosting/204
6.6 Summary and outlook/213
References/215
Chapter 7 Description Methods of Spatial Wind Along Railways
7.1 Introduction/217
7.2 Spatial wind correlation analysis/218
7.3 Spatial wind description based on WRF/230
7.4 Description accuracy evaluation indicators/239
7.5 Summary and outlook/240
References/241
Chapter 8 Data-Driven Spatial Wind Forecasting Methods Along Railways
8.1 Introduction/244
8.2 Wind data description/245
8.3 Spatial wind forecasting algorithm based on statistical model/247
8.4 Spatial wind forecasting algorithm based on intelligent model/255
8.5 Spatial wind forecasting algorithm based on deep learning model/266
8.6 Summary and outlook/276
References/277
Nomenclature/278