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內容簡介: |
本书在系统地介绍面向对象开发方法的基本概念和思想的基础上,重点介绍UML及其建模技术在面向对象分析与设计中的应用,以及得到业界广泛认同的软件设计模式、数据建模的相关知识与应用,并以结合综合案例进行介绍。全书共分8章,第1章从传统开发方法存在的问题入手,重点介绍面向对象方法基本思想,从方法论方面让学生对面向对象方法有一个整体的认识。第2章概括介绍UML以及UML与面向对象的统一开发过程。第3章重点围绕需求分析介绍用例建模和活动图建模。第4章为系统分析与静态结构建模,主要包括识别对象与类,定义类的属性和操作以及类之间的关系。第5章为重点围绕顺序图建模、通信图建模以及状态机图建模进行系统动态结构建模。第6章围绕包图建模、构件图建模和部署图建模等进行系统体系结构建模。第7章为面向对象设计,首重点介绍问题域部分设计、人机交互设计以及数据管理部分设计的方法与应用。第8章专门介绍设计模式,对几种经典的设计模式做了简要介绍,并对设计模式的动机、适用场景等做了分析。全书提供了大量应用实例,每章后均附有习题。
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關於作者: |
张戈,博士,副教授、硕士生导师,出生年月:1978年6月,学术方向:企业信息化理论与应用、IT价值。2003年7月研究生毕业留校至今在山东财经大学(原山东经济学院)从事教学、科研工作。主持校级教改项目1项,主持校级精品课程1门。作为副主编参与编写教材1部。近五年来,主持国家社科基金1项、省自然基金、民政部课题、济南青年科技明星计划各1项和横向课题2项,作为主要完成人参与国家自然基金课题、省自然科学基金课题、省软科学课题等各类课题10余项;先后获山东省科技进步三等奖1次,山东省高等学校优秀教学成果三等奖1次,山东财经大学优秀科研成果三等奖1次,山东财经大学教学成果一等奖1次。
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目錄:
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第1章 面向对象方法概述············································································1 引导案例:四大发明之活字印刷—面向对象思想的胜利·······························1 1.1 信息系统分析与设计概述···································································2 1.1.1 信息系统··············································································2 1.1.2 信息系统分析与设计·······························································3 1.2 信息系统开发方法的演变···································································3 1.2.1 系统开发生命周期模型····························································4 1.2.2 结构化开发方法·····································································4 1.2.3 原型法·················································································6 1.2.4 面向对象方法········································································7 1.3 面向对象方法的基本概念·································································10 1.3.1 对象··················································································10 1.3.2 类·····················································································11 1.3.3 抽象··················································································11 1.3.4 封装··················································································12 1.3.5 继承··················································································12 1.3.6 多态性···············································································14 1.3.7 消息机制············································································15 1.4 面向对象方法的主要优点·································································15 1.4.1 从认识论的角度来看,面向对象方法改变了开发软件的方式··········15 1.4.2 面向对象语言使客观世界到计算机世界的语言鸿沟变窄················16 1.4.3 面向对象使分析与设计之间的鸿沟变窄·····································17 1.4.4 面向对象有助于软件的维护与复用···········································19 本章小结····························································································20 本章习题····························································································20 第2章 UML概述·····················································································23 引导案例:面向对象方法的困难······························································23 2.1 UML介绍····················································································23 2.1.1 建模的原因·········································································23 2.1.2什么是UML··············································································25 2.1.3 UML的发展历程··································································25 2.1.4 UML的特点········································································262.2 UML的核心元素···········································································272.2.1 UML视图···········································································27 2.2.2 UML图··············································································29 2.2.3 事物··················································································31 2.2.4 关系··················································································32 2.2.5 通用机制············································································35 2.3 UML与面向对象的系统开发统一过程················································36 2.3.1 RUP核心工作流···································································36 2.3.2 UML支持迭代、渐增式的开发过程··········································38 2.3.3 UML建模过程产生的模型与文档·············································39 2.3.4 用例驱动的UML系统分析与设计············································40 本章小结····························································································42 本章习题····························································································43 第3章 需求分析与用例建模·······································································45 引导案例:自动取款机(ATM)的需求·····················································45 3.1 需求分析······················································································45 3.1.1 需求分析的重要性··························3
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